5B5E Folate deficiency

International Classification of Diseases for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics, 11th Revision, v2024-01

Nutritional deficiency of folate is common in people consuming a limited diet. This can be exacerbated by malabsorption conditions, including coeliac disease and tropical sprue. Pregnant women are at risk for folate deficiency because pregnancy significantly increases the folate requirement, especially during periods of rapid fetal growth (i.e. in the second and third trimester). During lactation, losses of folate in milk also increase the folate requirement. During pregnancy, there is an increased risk of fetal neural tube defects (NTDs), with risk increasing 10-fold as folate status goes from adequate to poor. Between days 21 and 27 post-conception, the neural plate closes to form what will eventually be the spinal cord and cranium. Spina bifida, anencephaly, and other similar conditions are collectively called NTDs. They result from improper closure of the spinal cord and cranium, respectively, and are the most common congenital abnormalities associated with folate deficiency.

postcoordination

synonyms

• Folate deficiency
• folic acid deficiency
• Peripheral neuropathy due to folate deficiency
• Dementia due to folate deficiency
• Myelopathy due to folate deficiency
• Optic neuropathy due to folate deficiency
• Encephalopathy due to folate deficiency

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