Genomic coordinate system [Type] 92822-6
LOINC Code
| LOINC code | 92822-6 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| name | Genomic coordinate system [Type] | ||
| description | A genomic coordinate is a position along a sequence. Coordinate systems can start counting from: 0-based interval counting - Used by: GA4GH API, ClinGen data model, BED & BAM files, UCSC files, HLM 1.0 and NCBI's SPDI conversion format - Akin to cursor positioning in modern text editors with cursor between characters - A bit unnatural for humans, easier for computers - Sequences have an inclusive start and exclusive end - Insertions always go in the interval between characters 0-based character counting - Used by: Genbank database & ASN files - Sequences have an inclusive start, exclusive end - Length = end - start - A bit unnatural for human reading, easier for computers - Sequences have an inclusive start and inclusive end - Insertions not defined because GenBank and ASN do not model insertions to records they contain (historically ASN did internal to NCBI). SPDI was developed in part because of this inability to model insertions. 1-based character counting - Used by: HGVS, VCF, NCBI's ClinVar (uses HGVS), Genbank files, IPD-IMGT/HLA, UCSC genome browser (note different from UCSC file, which uses 0-based interval counting) - Akin to approach used in the earliest text processors - Length = (end - start) + 1 - Sequences have inclusive start and inclusive end - More natural for humans - Insertions. Be careful in theory for 1-base, the insertion location could be defined in three ways: a) before position, b) after position, c) specify the di-nucleotide which where the insertion goes; but in practice there is only one way to do it per coordinate type. Distinctions for describing sub sequences with the three approaches with examples Consider ACGTAGTC as an example string and what nucleotides would be in the range 2-4 - 0-based interval counting (e.g..SPDI): GT - 0-based character counting (i.e. GenBank): GTA - 1-based character counting (i.e. VCF): CGT Distinctions regarding insertions with examples. Insertions can be tricky with character counting. Now consider that you want to describe an insertion between T&A (4th and 5th characters in the example string): - 0-based interval counting (i.e. SPDI) insert at position 4. - 0-based character counting. Insert between 3&4. Note: insertions are not supported in GenBank's model. - 1-based character counting. Insert between 4&5. Note: HGVS requires specification of the dinucleotide between which the insertion goes. For VCF, this would be represented as insert after 4 and does not require other information but the result is the same. | ||
| status | ACTIVE | ||
Fully-Specified Name | |||
| component | Genomic coordinate system | ||
| property | Type = Type: The Property Type is used for assays that identify the specific analyte in cases when the baseline presence of the analyte is known. | ||
| time | Pt = Point in time: To identify measures at a point in time. This is a synonym for “spot” or “random” as applied to urine measurements. | ||
| system | XXX | ||
| scale | Nom = Nominal: Nominal or categorical responses that do not have a natural ordering. (e.g., names of bacteria, reported as answers, categories of appearance that do not have a natural ordering, such as, yellow, clear, bloody. | ||
| method | Molgen = Molecular Genetics: General class of methods used to detect genetic attributes on a molecular basis including RFL, PCR and other methods. | ||
Additional Names | |||
| short name | Genomic coord system | ||
Basic Attributes | |||
| class | MOLPATH | ||
| type | 1 Laboratory | ||
| order vs. observation | Observation | ||
Associated Observations | |||
LOINC codes that represent optional associated observation(s) for a clinical observation or laboratory test. A LOINC term may represent a single associated observation or panel containing several associated observations. | |||
History/Usage | |||
| first released | |||
| last updated | 2.72 | ||
| last change type | MIN - change to field other than name | ||
Related Names | |||
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Copyright © 2023 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. All Rights Reserved. To the extent included herein, the LOINC table and LOINC codes are copyright © 1995-2023, Regenstrief Institute, Inc. and the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Committee. See https://loinc.org/license for the full LOINC copyright and license.
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