A biospecimen is collected from the respondent to measure cotinine, a marker of either smoking or of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. One of the most common methods is via a urine sample obtained from the respondent. Cotinine in urine is measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Other biological matrices (blood, hair, saliva) may be used to measure cotinine. Information about collection and analysis of those matrices is found in the Supplemental Information: Blood, Hair, and Saliva Assays for Tobacco Smoke Exposure. Caffeine may interfere with the accuracy of the results. During the gas chromatography analysis, this interference can be minimized by ramping up the temperature and eluting the caffeine later than the cotinine.
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