Modifiers, Modifiers, Modifiers: A Comprehensive Review (May 1997)

Why This Topic Matters

Modifier reporting affects how services are represented in CPT-based coding workflows, especially when services differ from the usual circumstances or are paired with related add-on procedures. This article helps readers identify which modifier topics and code references are covered in the source issue.

Article Sections

1. May 1997 pages 1-3

   Issue and page information introducing a review of selected CPT modifiers and related reporting context. The section establishes the article’s purpose as a consolidated reference for modifier guidance.

2. Modifier -20, Microsurgery

   Discussion of a CPT modifier related to microsurgical services and the reporting context around procedures that involve specialized technique. The section also notes related add-on procedure references.

3. Modifier -21, Prolonged Evaluation and Management Service

   Discussion of a CPT modifier associated with prolonged evaluation and management services and the reporting context for extended encounters. The section includes an illustrative scenario and references related prolonged service topics.

4. Modifier -22, Unusual Procedural Services

   Discussion of a CPT modifier used in connection with procedures performed under unusual circumstances. The section includes an illustrative scenario and mentions reporting support materials.

5. Modifier -23, Unusual Anesthesia

   Discussion of a CPT modifier associated with anesthesia-related circumstances for certain procedures. The section includes illustrative context and references examples of procedure types.

6. Modifier -24, Unrelated Evaluation and Management Service by the Same Physician During a Postoperative Period

   Discussion of a CPT modifier used in the postoperative setting when an evaluation and management service is distinct from the original procedure. The section includes an illustrative postoperative scenario.

7. Modifier -25, Significant, Separately Identifiable Evaluation and Management Service by the Same Physician on the Same Day of the Procedure or other service

   Discussion of a CPT modifier used when an evaluation and management service is separately identifiable on the same day as another service. The section includes an illustrative same-day scenario and related cross-reference material.